Multi-agent system for managing a game settlement with an expert-based behavior selection system for game characters

Abstract

This article presents a novel approach to modeling the intelligent behavior of game characters through a multi-agent system integrated with an expert system for behavior selection. By incorporating this system, game characters acquire the ability to adapt their behavior according to their individual traits and interactions with other characters. To model personality traits, several well-known psychological frameworks were considered, including FFM (The Five Factor Model), HEXACO, and AD (Affiliation and Dominance Model). After comparing the models, a combination of HEXACO and AD was chosen, as this approach allows for detailed modeling of both individual game character traits and their interpersonal relationships. To select the appropriate behavior for a game character, a scoring system was developed that evaluates behavior templates based on input data: the character’s mood, personality traits, relationship types, and knowledge about the behavior of other game characters. This data is used to calculate a total score for each behavior template, determining the character's final action. The calculation process is performed using compound behavior matching matrices that align templates with character traits. The introduction of a random deviation ensures variability in game character behavior and prevents deterministic outcomes. The scoring system is formalized as a mathematical model that describes the influence of each factor on behavior selection through scoring functions and corresponding weighting coefficients. To test the expert system, a game prototype was developed on the Unity platform, where game characters perform tasks to maintain the settlement's functionality.

They independently choose tasks based on the current environment state and interact with one another according to behavior templates selected by the expert system. The proposed approach enables the creation of a dynamic game environment with unpredictable character actions, determined by their personality traits and interpersonal relationships. This opens new opportunities for improving behavior systems in games.